Urological oncology
Urological oncology deals with the diagnosis and treatment of tumors of the complete urinary tract (kidneys, adrenal glands, bladder, testicles, penis and prostate). Urological tumors include common malignant neoplasms such as prostate cancer, testicular tumor, bladder tumor and kidney tumors. The therapeutic spectrum of urologic oncology includes surgical and drug therapy to treat tumors, as well as specialized urologic chemotherapy. One of the overriding principles in surgical procedures is the preservation of healthy tissue and healthy organ parts. Treatment may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy and hormone therapy.